Solar concentrators rensselaer polytechnic institute. A vast area will be economically unreasonable whereas a small area will mainly. The parabolic dish solar concentrator system mainly consists of base support, concave dish frame, reflecting sheets, conversion unit and suntracking system as shown in fig. Material and component specifications single axis tracked. Parabolic dish solar concentrators have shown high conversion efficiencies and high operating temperatures, of the order of 750 o c, at annual efficiency of 23% and 29% peak 30, 31. Most electric power plants use some form of fossil fuel as the thermal heat source to boil water into steam. In addition, sidebars provide indicators that a system. A parabolic solar concentrator is a device that focuses light on a point to heat an object. Abstract this paper was concerned with an experimental study of parabolic trough concentrator designed and constructed. Mechanical design of a low cost parabolic solar dish. If the said parabola is extended along an axis becoming a trough the solar rays are concentrated along a line through the focal point of the trough.
Parabolic dish systems are the most efficient of all solar technologies, at approximately 25% efficient, compared to around 20% for other solar thermal technologies. The receiver is blackened at the outside surface and is covered by concentrator and rotated about one axis to track the suns diurnal motion. This page concentrates on providing links, information and plans for build it yourself concentrating collectors and heliostats. I tried to show what a determined person can do with ordinary tools and materials, a good hardware store and a bit of perseverance a high performance do it. Single axis tracked parabolic trough concentrator nonimaging concentrators linear fresnel reflector about the parabolic trough technology parabolic trough concentrator ptc comprises of a cylindrical concentrator, of parabolic crosssectional shape, and a circular cylindrical receiver located along the focal line of the parabola. Fabrication of parabolictrough concentration for solar. Certainly, the right size of the solar field is the first selection with regard to nominal electrical power. Parabolic trough collectors are used to concentrate the direct solar radiation onto receiver.
A parabolic trough solar collector uses a mirror in the shape of a parabolic cylinder to reflect and concentrate sun radiations towards a receiver tube located at the. The recently completed nevada solar one ptpp has a capacity of 64 mw. Solar concentrator consists of a cylinder parabolic reflector and a metalglass tube receiver at its focal plane. The designers and engineers behind the solarbeam tm foresaw the need to engineer an affordable system capable of. Parabolic trough collector ptc the basic element of ptc are i the absorber tube located at the focal axis through which the liquid to be heated flows, ii the concentric transparent cover, and iii the parabolic concentrator. An economic parabolic dish concentrating system was built at the sustainable energy science and engineering center sesec at florida state university in tallahassee, florida. Numerical simulation of a parabolic trough solar collector with n on uniform solar flux conditions b y coupling fvm and mcrt method, solar energy, vol.
Improvements in efficiency of solar parabolic trough. Parabolic trough concentrator courtesy acurex corporation. Then, the main characteristics of todays parabolic trough solar thermal power plants will be presented. Although many solar technologies have been demonstrated, parabolic trough solar thermal electric power plant technology represents one of the major renewable energy success stories of the last two decades. Each sca is an independently tracking parabolic trough solar collector consisting of four major subsystems. Medium temperature solar concentrators parabolictroughs. Redressable parabolic trough solar collector back to home. Parabolic dish is a type of concentrated sustainable energy, nonconventional energy, natural energy resources solar power or energy generation system, by the parabolic dish solar rays concentrated to particular point and produces solar thermal energy which can be used to generate power,solar parabolic dish manufacturers in india,solar parabolic dish csp,solar thermal,concentrated solar,csp. Parabolic trough solar thermal electric power plants. Mar 16, 2010 in this session the main elements of the parabolic trough technology will be described.
Recently, the development of sophisticated csp increased but mainly for large scale utility production with the use of parabolic troughs and parabolic sterling engine systems. It is sized so that the length of the parabolic curve is the same as the width of the available mirror material. This is primarily due t o nine large commercialscale solar power plants, the first of which has been operating in the california mojave. There is a distinguish reason on the selection ofa parabolic concentrator. The trough has a parabolic crosssection consisting of that portion of the parabolic curve between its intersections with the latus rectum. This page describes the design, construction, and operation of a trough type parabolic solar concentrator.
Manual making of a parabolic solar collector gang xiao. A parabolic trough is a one dimensional parabola that focuses solar energy onto a line. Phoenix is among the areas in the us that gets the most insolation incident sunlight each year. Advanced lowcost receiver for parabolic trough solar power. Analysis and design consideration of solar steam generation. If the said parabola is extended along an axis becoming a trough the solar rays are concentrated along a line through the focal point of the. A parabolic trough solar collector uses stainless steel sheet in the shape of parabolic cylinder to reflect and concentrate sun radiations towards an absorber tube made of g. Zarza encyclopedia of life support systems eolss the concentration ratio of a ptc is the ratio between the collector aperture area and the total area of the absorber tube. Heliostats are tracking mirrors that reflect solar energy onto a fixed target. A parabolic trough is a type of solar thermal collector that is straight in one dimension and curved as a parabola in the other two, lined with a polished metal mirror. Acacia energy introduction concentrated solar power csp technologies included parabolic trough, compact linear fresnel reflector and concentrated solar tower. Parabolic trough collector cost update for the system.
A manual tracker system was fabricated using a general gears of gear ratio 1. A wide variety of parabolic trough solar collector options are available to you, such as pressurized, nonpressure, and evacuated tube. The technique is a variation on methods used to align mirrors on parabolic dish systems. It points out the types of situations where parabolic trough solar water heating is most likely to be cost effective and describes the espc process available to federal facilities for parabolic trough projects. They consist of a solar field filled with hundreds or thousands of solar collector assemblies sca. Parabolic troughs, which are a type of linear concentrator, are the most mature csp technology with over 500 megawatts mw operating worldwide. Unesco eolss sample chapters solar energy conversion and photoenergy systems vol. In a parabola all of the incoming rays from a light source in this case the sun are reflected back to the focal point of the parabola.
The receiver absorbs the incoming radiations and transforms them into thermal energy. The collectors reflect the incident solar radiation onto its focal line toward a receiver that absorbs the concentrated solar energy to raise the temperature of the fluid inside it as shown in fig. The bending of a receiver tube in twophase flow under stratified conditions when water is first introduced to the hot steel receiver of a 14. The sunlight which enters the mirror parallel to its plane of symmetry is focused along the focal line, where objects are positioned that are intended to be heated. Parabolictrough collectors can also drive absorption cooling systems or other equipment that runs off a thermal load. Practical field alignment of parabolic trough solar concentrators. Usually used in collaboration with a heat exchange unit, a device that moves heat from the focused light to moving fluid inside the heat exchange, a parabolic solar concentrator can be made easily in your own backyard. Design, construction, and testing of a parabolic trough solar. Parabolic trough collector cost update for the system advisor.
The fundamental characteristics of the performance of a parabolic trough solar collector are its concentration ratio and its optical efficiency. Concentrating solar collectors use shaped mirrors or lens to provide higher temperatures that flat plate collectors. Abstract at present, parabolic trough technology is considered as the most low. I pipe located at the focus line of the parabolic trough collector. Utility scale parabolic trough solar concentrators harness the suns energy to make steam for electricity generation. This page describes the design, construction, and operation of a troughtype parabolic solar concentrator.
It also describes the sun tracking system unit by manual tilting of the lever at. Csp plants work identically as conventional steam power plants and the core. Designing a parabolic trough solar concentrator requires specifying. The assumed solar field area in both cases was about 1. Proceedings of the 2nd world congress on mechanical, chemical, and material engineering mcm16 budapest, hungary august 22 23, 2016 paper no. Pdf the performance of a south african parabolic trough solar collector ptsc module has been characterised using the ashrae 931986 standard. Patterned after the best of previous, time proven designs, the skytrough is a breakthrough in cost and constructability resulting from significant design and material innovations. This article offers an illustrated description of a method to produce a closed parabolic trough solar energy collector box based on the elasticity of the material. This paper is based upon an experimental study of two different parabolic trough collectors which have been designed, fabricated and evaluated to derive a comparison between their performances, in producing hot water, by using a black coated receiver. Most concentrated solar power plants use the parabolic trough design, instead of the power tower or fresnel systems. Because of its singleaxis tracking, all the solar radiations fall parallel to its. In this session the main elements of the parabolic trough technology will be described. Potential of a parabolic trough solar concentrator for electric energy.
Electricity is generated when the concentrated light is converted to heat solar thermal energy, which drives a heat engine usually a steam turbine connected to an electrical power. This page concentrates on providing links, information and plans for build it. Energy equations for computation of parabolictrough. It is sold as a disassembled flat kit at very low prices. About 33% of these are solar collector, 12% are solar energy system. Csp systems use the sun as the thermal heat source as opposed to the photon energy of the sun as pv systems do.
A vast area will be economically unreasonable whereas a small area will mainly cause. This fluid is then used to generate electricity in a small stirling engine, or brayton cycle engine, which is attached to the receiver. What is described here is basically a manual method to make high efficiency solar collectors against very low cost, which is particularly suited for teaching, research or. This parabolic trough 73% efficient solar power world. Mechanical design of a low cost parabolic solar dish concentrator. Parabolic trough power plants ptpp are thus far mostly developed csp thermal plants that are operating commercially. It is a smallsize concentrating solar collector, with a reflective mirror surface under the form of a parabolic cylinder which concentrats the sunlight to a receiver tube located at the focus line. Compared with parabolic dish concentrators, practical optical alignment techniques for the accurate alignment of parabolic troughs have not been developed. Later in 1878 a parabolic collector was showcased and reected the sunos energy onto a steam boiler which operated a small engine that ran a printing press. I medium temperature solar concentrators parabolic troughs collectors e. Among many others, there can be selections among trough concentrating, fresnel linear concentrator, parabolic concentrator, air, water or evaporative collectors, mono crystalline polycrystalline amorphous silicon csipcsiasi or thinfilm solar cells, flatplate or concentrator types, glazed or unglazed panels, natural or forced fluid. Parabolic trough obtains solar energy to generate heat to produce electricity in steam cycles.
Ive included it in the concentrating solar collectors are because the mirror design is interesting and simple, and may have variety of concentrating solar applications. Nov 25, 2010 a parabolic trough collector it is a principle of geometry that a parabolic reflector pointed at the sun will reflect parallel rays of light to the focal point of the parabola. There have also been variations of parabolic trough systems like the integrated solar combined cycle iscc which combines troughs and conventional fossil fuel heat systems. The parabolic trough collectors ptc consist of solar collectors mirrors, heat receivers and support structures. The parabolic curve would focus all the rays to a focal point, and a trough normally extends the shape in three dimensions to tum the focal point into a focal line. Pdf solar collector in the shape of a parabolic mirror reflects the incident solar energy on the longitudinal axis of the solar collector. Solartron is the designer and manufacturer behind the revolutionary solarbeam tm parabolic dish. Nowadays, parabolic trough solar thermal plants are prevalent around the world. Federal technology parabolictrough solar alert water heating. The initial installation cost of these parabolic trough solar collectors consti tutes the.
A distinct property that it has is that it can focus all the parallel rays from the sun to a single focus point, f as shown in figure 2. Design, construction, and test of a miniature parabolic. A parabolic trough solar collector uses a mirror in the shape of a parabolic cylinder to reflect and concentrate sun radiations towards a receiver tube located at the focus line of the parabolic cylinder. A wide variety of parabolic solar concentrator options are available to you, such as type, application, and pipe material.
Practical field alignment of parabolic trough solar concentrators in this paper a new technique for parabolic trough mirror alignment based on the use of an innovative theoretical overlay photographic top approach is described. Energy equations for the computation of parabolictrough collector efficiency using. Parabolictrough concentrator the accuracy of the solar tracking depends to a great extent on the solar coordinates at a particular. Since the sun is very far away, the radiation rays that reach a concentrator is parallel to its axis. Apr 12, 2010 designing a parabolic trough solar concentrator requires specifying. In different areas concerning the amount of solar radiation, their standard size is approximately between 20 and 100 mwe. Performance analysis of parabolic trough concentrating. Parabolictrough solar water heating is a wellproven technology that directly substitutes renewable energy for conventional energy in water heating. How solar parabolic dish concentrators work the green. Design of a parabolic trough solar collector using a. Practical field alignment of parabolic trough solar. Concentrated solar power csp systems use very different technology than photovoltaic systems.
It is sized so that the length of the parabolic curve is the same as the. Design of a 25 mwe solar thermal power plant in iran with. This is partly due to the latitude and party due to the dry climate and therefore low humidity and low rainfall. The tracking system is dual axis tracking system with slew drivers. The concentrator was implemented in 48 locations worldwide ranging from desert to snowice condition and provided thermal energy. Sep 03, 2010 utility scale parabolic trough solar concentrators harness the suns energy to make steam for electricity generation.
It is widely used as a reflecting solar concentrator. The performance of a parabolic trough concentrator for solar industrial process heat 1429 fig. Performance evaluation of solar parabolic trough collector. Pdf performance of a parabolic trough solar collector. The research team performed a bottomup build and cost estimate for two stateoftheart parabolic trough designsthe skytrough and the ultimate trough. Concentrated solar power csp, also known as concentrating solar power, concentrated solar thermal systems generate solar power by using mirrors or lenses to concentrate a large area of sunlight onto a receiver. Cylindrical parabolic trough type collector consists of selective concentrator and a. Abstracteven though most variations of solar concentrators have palmistry guide in urdu pdf been studied or. Parabolictrough solar concentrating systems are parabolic shaped collectors made of reflecting materials. Lowcost concentrating solar collector for steam generation. Design of a parabolic trough solar collector using a concentrator with.
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